Current Transformers

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The primary windings of current transformers are connected in series with the line and their secondaries are connected to the current coils or elements of meters, relays or instruments. Normally, all standard current transformers have a 5 ampere rated secondary regardless of their primary current. However, 1 ampere rated secondaries are becoming more common.

Each current transformer has specifications based upon continuous current, short time current, and mechanical stress. There are two accuracy classifications, one for metering and one for relaying.  The metering accuracy classification tells what error in transformation can be expected at normal currents. The relaying accuracy classification tells what percent accuracy can be expected when the secondary is called upon to induce a certain voltage.

The secondary of the current transformer should always be connected to a load (burden) or short-circuited.  If the secondary is open circuited, the transformer may develop a dangerously high secondary voltage.